Rangkuman Biologi Kelas VII (Versi Bahasa Inggris)

A.     Scientific work

1.       Definition

-          Biology is the study of living things.

2.       Scientific method

-          The scientific method is a method which is composed of a systematic steps used to solve the problem.

3.       Microscope

-          The microscope used to observe material or a very small organisms

B.      Characteristics and Classification of Living Things

1.      Characteristics of Living Things

-          Moving

-          Eat

-          Irritabilita

-          Breathing

-          Growing

-          Removing the waste

-          Breed 

-          Adapting

2.       Classification of Living Things

-          Classification is a way of learning objects by looking at the similarities & differences in the characteristics of living things

-          Scientific naming method:

·         Every living thing has a name that comprises two Latin words

·         The first word indicates the second word indicates the genus & species

·         Posting the name in italics / underlined.

-          The 5 kingdom:

·         Monera

·         Prosista

·         Fungi

·         Plantae

·         Animalia

C.      Life organization

1.       Cell

-          Cells are the smallest units making up the organism

-          Cell structure

·         Cell membrane 

·         Cytoplasm

·         cell nucleus

·         Mitochondria

·         Ribosomes

·         Endoplasmic reticulum 

·         Golgi Body

·         Lysosomes (only in animal cells)

·         Centrioles

·         Vacuoles

·         Plastids

·         Cell wall

2.       Tissues

-          Tissues is a collection of cells that have the same form and function

-          Based on the ability of cells to divide, plant tissues are distinguished:

·         Tissues meristem (actively dividing)

·         Permanent tissues (not actively dividing)

-          Animal tissues:

·         Epithelial tissues

·         Muscle tissue

·         Neural tissues

·         Advocates tissues

3.       Organs

-          Organ = collection of tissues that work together to perform a specific task.

4.       Organ system 

-          Organ systems: organs that work together perform certain functions in the body 

-          Scheme compilers of the body's levels of organisms

Molecules -> cell -> Network -> organs -> organ systems -> organism-> population ->Community -> ecosystems -> biomes -> biosphere

D.     Ecosystem

1.       Ecosystem units

-          Individuals

-          Population

-          Community

-          Ecosystems

-          Biomes

-          Biosphere

2.       Ecosystem components

-          Abiotic Components

·         Water

·         Land

·         Air

·         Sunlight

-          Biotic components:

·         Manufacturers

·         Consumers

·         Decomposers

3.       Interaction Patterns

-          Parasitism

-          Mutualism

-          Komensalisme

-          Amensalisme

4.       Inter-Component Dependence biotic

-          The food chain

·         The process of energy transfer through the process of consuming food that make up a particular circuit.

·         Patterns of food chain

Manufacturers => Consumer I => Consumer II => Consumer III => Decomposers

E.      Biodiversity Conservation

1.       Causes of Scarcity

-          A low reproductive rate

-          Natural disasters

2.       Preservation efforts

-          Introduce / socialize plants & animals

-          Establish a conservation area

F.       Human Population Density

1.       Cause

-          Birthrate (births)

-          Mortality (death rate)

-          Migration (population movements)

2.       Due to population density

-          Decrease of clean air & water

-          Food shortages

-          Lack of land settlement

-          The decline in the quality of human

-          Etc.

3.       Population growth control effort

-          Implement family planning program

-          Improving the quality of community life

-          Creating employment

-          Increase food production

-          Delaying age at marriage

G.     Environmental Pollution

-          Pollution is the introduction of organic or inorganic materials or organisms into the environment & organisms in the environment can interfere

-          Water pollution

-          Pollution of soil

-          Air pollution

-          Pollution sound

Rangkuman Biologi Kelas VII (Versi Indonesia)

A.     Kerja Ilmiah

1.       Pengertian

-     Biologi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang makhluk hidup.

2.       Metode Ilmiah

-     Metode ilmiah adalah metode yang tersusun atas langkah – langkah yang sistematis yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah.

3.       Mikroskop

-     Mikroskop digunakan untuk mengamati materi atau organisme yang sangat kecil

B.      Ciri dan Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup

1.       Ciri-ciri Makhluk Hidup

-          Bergerak

-          Makan

-          Peka terhadap rangsang

-          Bernapas

-          Tumbuh

-          Mengeluarkan zat sisa

-          Berkembang biak

-          Beradaptasi

2.       Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup

-          Klasifikasi adalah cara dalam mempelajari obyek dengan melihat persamaan & perbedaan ciri-ciri makhluk hidup

-          Metode penamaan ilmiah:

·         Setiap makhluk hidup memiliki nama yang terdiri 2 kata latin

·         Kata pertama menunjukan genus & kata kedua menunjukan spesies

·         Penulisan nama dengan huruf miring / digaris bawahi.

-          Sistem 5 kingdom

·         Monera             

·         Prosista              

·         Fungi                   

·         Plantae              

·         Animalia

C.      Organisasi Kehidupan

1.       Sel

-          Sel adalah unit terkecil penyusun organisme

-          Struktur sel

·      Membran sel (membran plasma)

·      Sitoplasma

·      Inti sel

·      Mitokondria

·      Ribosom

·      Retikulum endoplasma (RE)

·      Badan golgi

·      Lisosom (hanya ada di sel hewan)

·      Sentriol

·      Vakuola

·      Plastida

·      Dinding sel

2.       Jaringan

-          Jaringan adalah sekumpulan sel yang mempunyai bentuk dan fungsi yang sama

-          Berdasarkan kemampuan sel membelah, jaringan tumbuhan dibedakan:

·         Jaringan meristem (aktif membelah)

·         Jaringan permanen (tidak aktif membelah)

-          Jaringan hewan :

·         Jaringan epitel

·         Jaringan otot

·         Jaringan saraf

·         Jaringan penyokong

3.       Organ

-          Organ = kumpulan jaringan yang bekerja sama untuk melakukan tugas tertentu.

4.       Sistem organ

-          Sistem organ = organ-organ yang bekerja sama melakukan fungsi tertentu pada tubuh organisme

-          Skema tingkatan penyusun tubuh organisme

Molekul -> sel -> jaringan -> organ -> sistem organ -> organisme-> populasi -> komunitas -> ekosistem -> bioma -> biosfer

D.     Ekosistem

1.       Satuan-satuan Ekosistem

-          Individu       

-          Populasi      

-          Komunitas

-          Ekosistem

-          Bioma            

-          Biosfer

2.       Komponen Ekosistem

-          Komponen abiotik

·         Air

·         Tanah

·         Udara

·         Cahaya matahari

-          Komponen biotik

·      Produsen

·      Konsumen

·      Dekomposer (pengurai)

3.       Pola Interaksi

-          Parasitisme

-          Mutualisme

-          Komensalisme

-          Amensalisme

4.       Ketergantungan Antar Komponen Biotik

-          Rantai makanan

·         Proses perpindahan energi melalui proses makan memakan yang membentuk rangkaian tertentu.

·         Pola rantai makanan

Produsen => Konsumen I => Konsumen II => Konsumen III => Dekomposer

E.      Pelestarian Keanekaragaman Hayati

1.       Penyebab Kelangkaan

-          Tingkat reproduksi yang rendah

-          Bencana alam

2.       Usaha Pelestarian

-          Memperkenalkan/menyosialisasikan tumbuhan & hewan

-          Membentuk kawasan pelestarian

F.       Kepadatan Populasi Manusia

1.       Penyebab

-          Natalitas (angka kelahiran)

-          Mortalitas (angka kematian)

-          Migrasi (perpindahan penduduk)

2.       Akibat kepadatan populasi

-          Berkurangnya air & udara bersih

-          Kekurangan lahan pemukiman

-          Menurunnya kualitas manusia

3.       Usaha pengendalian pertumbuhan populasi

-          Melaksanakan program KB

-          Meningkatkan mutu kehidupan masyarakat

-          Menciptakan lapangan kerja

-          Meningkatkan produksi pangan

-          Menunda usia kawin

G.     Pencemaran Lingkungan

-    Pencemaran adalah masuknya bahan organik atau anorganik atau organisme ke dalam lingkungan & dapat mengganggu organisme di lingkungan tsb

-      Pencemaran air       

-      Pencemaran tanah 

-      Pencemaran udara 

-      Pencemaran suara

English: Narrative Text (Myteries)

The HARP

Once upon a time in the city of New York, a small American boy, age 12 and a half, was reading a fairy tale about an ancient harp in a haunted forest. This harp was guarded by an ancient Indian girl, that had died 350 years ago. This harp was on the far side of a creek. This creek looked shallow but it's shallowest part was 18 feet deep. It also had something in it, some kind of monster, but it is to hideous to describe.

At this point Kevin put down the book and said "I must find the harp. I know it exists." 2 days later, Kevin set out with just enough food to last him 3 weeks. He was going to Pennsylvania to search for the harp. He searched two days for the forest. When he found it, a cold sweat came over him. When he stepped into the forest, the wind started to blow hard. He looked behind him and saw a strange glow. He started to walk toward it. When he got to the glow it turned into a ghost. It spoke, "Who dares pass the gates of devils forest?" "I Kevin Peir." "You shall die!" said the ghost.

Kevin quickly turned and ran, not looking behind him. He stopped and walked for about an hour. When he stopped walking his heart began to pound. He had found the harp! He thought to himself, " So it's true, It's really true. The harp exists." He started to swim toward the harp through the creek, when he saw bubbles moving toward him. Kevin just barely got across the creek. He got the harp turned toward the creek, took one step and...SPLASH!! The water's surface turned blood red.

Kevin never got across the creek with his life.

English X: Latihan Soal

 I. Change the verbs in the bracket!

1. Andi always... (go) to school on foot.
2. Ivan and Avin ... (play) football together.
3. Sita ... (read) a novel now.
4. Marry ... (go) to Bali next week.
5. He ... (work) in the hospital.
6. They ... (not, study) English last night.
7. Jonny ... (write) a letter two day ago.
8. Robby often ... (help) me with my homework.
9. Sinyo and I ... (play) chess in the living room now.
10. We ... (not, go) to school every day.
11. The sun ... (rise) in the east.
12. She ... (meet) me tomorrow.
13. I ... (not, study) English now.
14. I ... (sleep) when you called me.
15. My mother was cooking the food while my father ... (read) a newspaper.
16. I ... (see) you tomorrow at 7 o'clock.
17. She ... (visit) us next week.
18. Maya ... (buy) some books yesterday.
19. Rara ... (meet) her grandma last week.
20. This is a very popular TV program. Every week it ... (watch) by millions of people.

II. Please translate the following passage into good Indonesia!

Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I didn't enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not the actors. They didn't pay any attention. In the end, I could hear it. I turned round again, "I can't hear a word!” I said angrily. "It's none of your business," the young man said rudely, "This is a private conversation!".

III. Answer the following question!

1. Where did the writer go last week?
2. Did he enjoy the play or not?
3. Who was sitting behind him?
4. Were they talking loudly or were the talking quietly?
5. What did he say when he turned around?